Methods for detecting of cardiac troponin I biomarkers for myocardial infarction using biosensors: a narrative review of recent research.

Background and Objective: In cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is considered one of the leading causes of human death, and its diagnosis mainly relies on the detection of the cardiac biomarker troponin I. Traditional detection methods have certain limitations, which has prompted the development of methods with higher sensitivity and specificity. In recent years, biosensors, as an emerging technology, have been widely applied in the clinical medicine and biodetection fields. We retrieved and reviewed relevant articles published over the past 3 years and subsequently summarized the research progress of different types of biosensors in detecting cardiac troponin I and the challenges faced in achieving simple, specific, and portable point-of-care testing (POCT) technology for bedside rapid detection. The aim of this review is to serve as reference for the early diagnosis and treatment of CVDs. Methods: This study searched for relevant literature published from 2019 to 2022 in the PubMed database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The keywords used were as follows: "cardiac troponin I", "biosensor", "point-of-care testing", "electrochemical detection", and "surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy". Key Content and Findings: The review found that biosensor technology has high specificity and sensitivity in the detection of cardiac troponin I and is simpler and more convenient than is traditional laboratory testing. Its vigorous development can facilitate the diagnosis of AMI earlier and faster. Conclusions: This study reviewed the progress of cardiac troponin I detection based on biosensing strategies. We found that cardiac troponin I detection methods based on biosensing strategies have their own advantages and disadvantages in clinical applications, and their sensitivity has been constantly improved. In the future, the detection of cardiac troponin I using biosensing technology will be simpler, faster, more sensitive, and portable.

LncRNA H19 aggravates primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation via KLF5-mediated activation of CCL28.

The present study aims to elucidate the possible involvement of H19 in primary graft dysfunction (PGD) following lung transplantation (LT) and the underlying mechanism. The transcriptome data were obtained through high-throughput sequencing analysis, and the differential long noncoding RNAs and messenger RNAs were screened for coexpression analysis. The interaction among H19, KLF5 and CCL28 was analyzed. A hypoxia-induced human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell injury model was established, in which H19 was knocked down to elucidate its effect on the lung function, inflammatory response, and cell apoptosis. An orthotopic left LT model was constructed for in vivo mechanistic validation. High-throughput transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed the involvement of the H19/KLF5/CCL28 signaling axis in PGD. Silencing of H19 reduced inflammatory response and thus improved PGD. CCL28 secreted by human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells after LT recruited neutrophils and macrophages. Mechanistic investigations indicated that H19 augmented the expression of CCL28 by binding to the transcription factor KLF5. Abundant expression of CCL28 reversed the alleviating effect of H19 silencing on PGD. In conclusion, the results point out that H19 exerts a promoting effect on PGD through increasing KLF5 expression and the subsequent CCL28 expression. Our study provides a novel insight into the mechanism of action of H19.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals the drivers and therapeutic targets of lymph node metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is usually the most common metastatic pathway in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and is associated with a poorer prognosis and higher possibility of recurrence. Therefore, discovering the drivers and therapeutic targets of LNM is important for early and non-invasive detection of patients with a high risk of LNM and guiding individualized therapy. Various cell constitutions of the primary tumor and lymph node microenvironment was characterized based on scRNA-seq data. The copy number variation (CNV) analysis was performed to probe clonal structures and origins of metastatic lymph nodes, and found 6q loss and 20q gain may drive LNM in LUAD. Then a LNM-related cell subset, named Scissor+ cells, was identified using the Scissor algorithm. And cell-cell communication network among Scissor+ cells and microenvironment was further analyzed. Besides, a pro-LNM signature was subsequently constructed based on 27 genes using pseudotime trajectory analysis and gene set variation analysis. The pro-LNM signature showed a significant correlation with N stage and a good predictive ability of LUAD survival. At last, we identified that erastin and gefitinib could potentially inhibit LNM by targeting Scissor+ cells based on the drug sensitivity data of the cancer cell lines, which provided new insights for LUAD therapy.

Polymyositis and dermatomyositis biomarkers.

Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are the two subtypes of idiopathic inflammatory myositis and are characterized as symmetrical progressive muscle weakness in the proximal extremities. PM/DM affect multiple organs and systems, including the cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive tract systems. An in-depth understanding of PM/DM biomarkers will facilitate development of simple and accurate strategies for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction. This review summarized the classic biomarkers of PM/DM, including anti-aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (ARS) antibody, anti-Mi-2 antibody, anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody, anti-transcription intermediary factor 1-γ (TIF1-γ) antibody, anti-nuclear matrix protein 2 (NXP2) antibody, among others. Among them, anti-aminoacyl tRNA synthetases antibody is the most classic. In addition, many potential novel biomarkers were also discussed in this review, including anti-HSC70 antibody, YKL-40, interferons, myxovirus resistance protein 2, regenerating islet-derived protein 3-α, interleukin (IL)-17, IL-35, microRNA (miR)-1 and so on. Among the biomarkers of PM/DM described in this review, classic biomarkers have become the mainstream biomarkers to assist clinicians in diagnosis due to their early discovery, in-depth research, and widespread application. The novel biomarkers also have potential and broad research prospects, which will make immeasurable contributions to exploring biomarker-based classification standards and expanding their application value.

Single-cell transcriptomic analyses provide insights into the cellular origins and drivers of brain metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Brain metastasis (BM) is the most common intracranial malignancy causing significant mortality, and lung cancer is the most common origin of BM. However, the cellular origins and drivers of BM from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have yet to be defined. METHODS: The cellular constitutions were characterized by single-cell transcriptomic profiles of 11 LUAD primary tumor (PT) and 10 BM samples (GSE131907). Copy number variation (CNV) and clonality analysis were applied to illustrate the cellular origins of BM tumors. Brain metastasis-associated epithelial cells (BMAECs) were identified by pseudotime trajectory analysis. By using machine-learning algorithms, we developed the BM-index representing the relative abundance of BMAECs in the bulk RNA-seq data indicating a high risk of BM. Therapeutic drugs targeting BMAECs were predicted based on the drug sensitivity data of cancer cell lines. RESULTS: Differences in macrophages and T cells between PTs and BMs were investigated by single-cell RNA (scRNA) and immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence data. CNV analysis demonstrated BM was derived from subclones of PT with a gain of chromosome 7. We then identified BMAECs and their biomarker, S100A9. Immunofluorescence indicated strong correlations of BMAECs with metastasis and prognosis evaluated by the paired PT and BM samples from Peking Union Medical College Hospital. We further evaluated the clinical significance of the BM-index and identified 7 drugs that potentially target BMAECs. CONCLUSIONS: This study clarified possible cellular origins and drivers of metastatic LUAD at the single-cell level and laid a foundation for early detection of LUAD patients with a high risk of BM.

Cinnamaldehyde Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice by Modulating TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disease mainly associated with immune dysfunction and microbiota disturbance. Cinnamaldehyde (CIN) is an active ingredient of Cinnamomum cassia with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the therapeutic effect and detailed mechanism of CIN on UC remains unclear, and warrant further dissection. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses were introduced to predict the potential targets and mechanism of CIN against UC. The therapeutic effect and the predicted targets of CIN on UC were further validated by in vivo and in vitro experiments. Seven intersection targets shared by CIN and UC were obtained, and four hub targets, i. e., toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), transcription factor p65 (NF-κB), NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (IκBα), prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (COX2) were acquired, which were mainly involved in NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), Toll-like receptor and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways. CIN alleviated the symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis by decreasing the disease active index (DAI), restoring colon length, and relieving colonic pathology. CIN attenuated systemic inflammation by reducing serum myeloperoxidase (MPO), TNF-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), down-regulating TLR4, phosphorylated-NF-κB (p-NF-κB), phosphorylated-IκBα (p-IκBα), and COX2 expression in colonic tissues, and decreasing NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), Caspase-1, and IL-1ß protein expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. These results indicate that CIN alleviates DSS-induced colitis inflammation by modulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Extracellular histone H3 facilitates ferroptosis in sepsis through ROS/JNK pathway.

INTRODUCTION: Previous evidence realized the critical role of histone in disease control. The anti-inflammatory function of estradiol (E2) in sepsis has been documented. We here intended to unveil the role of extracellular histone H3 in sepsis regarding cell ferroptosis and the role of E2 in a such mechanism. METHODS: Clinical sample, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced animal models and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced cell models were prepared for testing relative expression of extracellular histone H3 and E2 as well as analyzing the role of extracellular histone H3 and E2 in sepsis concerning cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ferroptosis. RESULTS: Under sepsis, we found increased ferroptosis and extracellular histone H3 content, but reduced E2 concentration. Extracellular histone H3 facilitated ferroptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by LPS through activating the ROS/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. Moreover, E2 antagonized the effect of extracellular histone H3 on LPS-induced HUVEC ferroptosis and sepsis injury in CLP-induced animal models. CONCLUSION: We highlighted that extracellular histone H3 facilitated lipopolysaccharides-induced HUVEC ferroptosis via activating ROS/JNK pathway, and such an effect could be antagonized by E2.

Short-term outcomes of near-infrared imaging using indocyanine green in laparoscopic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection for middle-lower rectal cancer: A propensity score-matched cohort analysis.

Laparoscopic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPND) is limited by complex neurovascular bundles in the narrow pelvic sidewall and various post-operative complications. Indocyanine green (ICG) has been applied to increase the number of harvested lymph nodes and reduce the injury of irrelevant vessels in patients with rectal cancer. However, few studies on the recurrence rate of ICG fluorescence imaging-guided laparoscopic LPND were reported. This retrospective study enrolled 50 middle- low rectal cancer patients who were treated by LPND. After propensity score matching, 20 patients were matched in each of the indocyanine green (ICG) guided imaging group (ICG group) and non-ICG guided imaging group (non-ICG group). The average follow-up time was 13.5 months (12-15 months). Our results showed that the total number of harvested lymph nodes in the ICG group was significantly higher than that in the non-ICG group (P < 0.05), and intraoperative blood loss and post-operative hospital stay times in the ICG group were less than those in the non-ICG group (P < 0.05). After 12 months of follow-up, no residual lymph node and local tumor recurrence were found for patients in the ICG group. Four patients in the non-ICG group detected residual lymph nodes at the 3-month visit. Our findings highlighted the importance of ICG fluorescence-guided imaging in LPND because it has unique advantages in improving the number of lymph node dissections, surgical accuracy, and decreasing the residual lymph nodes and local tumor recurrence. In addition, ICG fluorescence guidance technology can effectively shorten the operation time, and it is simple to operate, which is worth popularizing.

Screening of differentially expressed microRNAs and target genes in two potato varieties under nitrogen stress.

BACKGROUND: A reasonable supply of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is essential for obtaining high-quality, high-level, and stable potato yields, and an improvement in the N utilization efficiency can effectively reduce N fertilizer use. It is important to use accurate, straightforward, and efficient transgenic breeding techniques for the identification of genes that can improve nitrogen use efficiency, thus enabling us to achieve the ultimate goal of breeding N-efficient potato varieties. In recent years, some of the mechanisms of miRNAs have been elucidated via the analysis of the correlation between the expression levels of potato miRNA target genes and regulated genes under conditions of stress, but the role of miRNAs in the inhibition/expression of key genes regulating N metabolism under N stress is still unclear. Our study aimed to identify the role played by specific enzymes and miRNAs in the responses of plants to N stress. RESULTS: The roots and leaves of the N-efficient potato variety, Yanshu4 ("Y"), and N-inefficient potato variety, Atlantic ("D"), were collected at the seedling and budding stages after they were exposed to different N fertilizer treatments. The miRNAs expressed differentially under the two types of N stress and their corresponding target genes were first predicted using miRNA and degradome analysis. Then, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the expression of differential miRNAs that were closely related to N metabolism. Finally, the shearing relationship between stu-miR396-5p and its target gene StNiR was determined by analyzing luciferase activity levels. The results showed that NiR activity increased significantly with an increase in the applied N levels from the seedling stage to the budding stage, and NiR responded significantly to different N treatments. miRNA sequencing enabled us to predict 48 families with conserved miRNAs that were mainly involved in N metabolism, carbon metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis. The differences in the expression of the following miRNAs were identified via screening (high expression levels and P < 0.05): stu-miR396-5p, stu-miR408b-3p_R-1, stu-miR3627-3p, stu-miR482a-3p, stu-miR8036-3p, stu-miR482a-5p, stu-miR827-5p, stu-miR156a_L-1, stu-miR827-3p, stu-miR172b-5p, stu-miR6022-p3_7, stu-miR398a-5p, and stu-miR166c-5p_L-3. Degradome analysis showed that most miRNAs had many-to-many relationships with target genes. The main target genes involved in N metabolism were NiR, NiR1, NRT2.5, and NRT2.7. qRT-PCR analysis showed that there were significant differences in the expression levels of stu-miR396-5p, stu-miR8036-3p, and stu-miR482a-3p in the leaves and roots of the Yanshu4 and Atlantic varieties at the seedling and budding stages under conditions that involved no N and excessive N application; the expression of these miRNAs was induced in response to N stress. The correlation between the differential expression of stu-miR396-5p and its corresponding target gene NiR was further verified by determining the luciferase activity level and was found to be strongly negative. CONCLUSION: The activity of NiR was significantly positively correlated with N application from the seedling to the budding stage. Differential miRNAs and target genes showed a many-to-many relationship with each other. The expression of stu-miR396-5p, stu-miR482a-3p, and stu-miR8036-3p in the roots and leaves of the Yanshu4 and Atlantic varieties at the seedling and budding stages was notably different under two types of N stress. Under two types of N stress, stu-miR396-5p was down-regulated in Yanshu4 in the seedling-stage and shoot-stage roots, and up-regulated in seedling-stage roots and shoot-stage leaves; stu-miR482a-3p was up-regulated in the seedling and shoot stages. The expression of stu-miR8036-3p was up-regulated in the leaves and roots at the seedling and budding stages, and down-regulated in roots under both types of N stress. The gene expressing the key enzyme involved in N metabolism, StNiR, and the stu-miR396-5p luciferase assay reporter gene had a strong regulatory relationship with each other. This study provides candidate miRNAs related to nitrogen metabolism and highlights that differential miRNAs play a key role in nitrogen stress in potato, providing insights for future research on miRNAs and their target genes in nitrogen metabolic pathways and breeding nitrogen-efficient potatoes.

Establishing a prognostic model of ferroptosis- and immune-related signatures in kidney cancer: A study based on TCGA and ICGC databases.

Background: Kidney cancer (KC) is one of the most challenging cancers due to its delayed diagnosis and high metastasis rate. The 5-year survival rate of KC patients is less than 11.2%. Therefore, identifying suitable biomarkers to accurately predict KC outcomes is important and urgent. Methods: Corresponding data for KC patients were obtained from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Systems biology/bioinformatics/computational approaches were used to identify suitable biomarkers for predicting the outcome and immune landscapes of KC patients. Results: We found two ferroptosis- and immune-related differentially expressed genes (FI-DEGs) (Klotho (KL) and Sortilin 1 (SORT1)) independently correlated with the overall survival of KC patients. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the prognosis model using these two FI-DEGs exceeded 0.60 in the training, validation, and entire groups. The AUC value of the 1-year receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve reached 0.70 in all the groups. Conclusions: Our present study indicated that KL and SORT1 could be prognostic biomarkers for KC patients. Whether this model can be used in clinical settings requires further validation.

Establishment of a prognostic ferroptosis- and immune-related long noncoding RNAs profile in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

Background: Ferroptosis and immunity are novel treatments that target several cancers, including kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an important class of gene expression regulators that play fundamental roles in the regulation of ferroptosis and immunity. We aimed to identify ferroptosis- and immune-related lncRNAs as biomarkers in patients with KIRC. Methods: Corresponding data for each patient with KIRC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify candidate biomarkers followed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCANA), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results: Three ferroptosis- and immune-related differentially expressed lncRNAs (FI-DELs) (AC124854.1, LINC02609, and ZNF503-AS2) were markedly and independently correlated with the overall survival (OS) of patients with KIRC. The area under the curve (AUC) value of the prognostic model in the entire group using the three FI-DELs was > 0.70. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic model using the three FI-DELs were 0.8586 and 0.9583, respectively. Conclusion: The present study found that AC124854.1, LINC02609, and ZNF503-AS2 were considerably and independently correlated with the OS of patients with KIRC, suggesting that the three FI-DELs could be used as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for patients with KIRC.

Comparison of ticagrelor and clopidogrel in the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease carrying CYP2C19 loss of function allele.

Background: Clopidogrel is a traditional P2Y12 receptor inhibitor that is widely used in clinical practice, but there are significant individual differences in its therapeutic effect. Carriers of the CYP2C19 deletion allele have a higher risk of adverse cardiovascular events than non-carriers. Methods: In this study, 170 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD) and on regular oral clopidogrel or ticagrelor antiplatelet therapy in the Department of Cardiology of Wuxi Second People's Hospital from August to December 2019 were screened. Baseline patient data were collected, percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) or coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) results were recorded, CYP2C19 gene type was detected, and prognosis/outcome was assessed by telephone/outpatient/inpatient follow-up for 12 months. Results: (I) Of the 170 patients, 0.66% were the fast metabolic type, 41.45% were the normal metabolic type, 42.76% were the intermediate metabolic type, and 15.13% were the poor metabolic type. CYP2C19*2 mutation accounted for 89.29% of all mutations, CYP2C19*3 mutation accounted for 9.82%, and CYP2C19*17 mutation accounted for only 0.89%. (II) Among the patients with CHD who regularly took clopidogrel, the risk in the intermediate metabolic group was 5.208-fold higher than that of normal metabolic group, and that of the poor metabolic group was 3.75-fold higher than that of normal metabolic group; there was no significant difference between the intermediate and poor metabolic groups. (III) Prognosis was significantly associated with regular use of ticagrelor or clopidogrel by patients in the intermediate metabolic group. There was no significant correlation between poor metabolism (PM) and normal metabolism (NM). Prognosis was significantly associated with regular use of ticagrelor or clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but not in patients who did not undergo PCI. Conclusions: CYP2C19 polymorphism was associated with the prognosis of patients with CHD administered antiplatelet therapy with oral clopidogrel. The incidence of poor prognosis was significantly increased with CYP2C19*2 and/or CYP2C19*3 mutations, and patients undergoing PCI or carrying a single CYP2C19 deletion allele had a better prognosis with ticagrelor as replacement therapy.

The emerging roles of machine learning in cardiovascular diseases: a narrative review.

Background and Objective: With the wide application of electronic medical record systems in hospitals, massive medical data are available. This type of medical data has the characteristics of heterogeneity and multi-dimensionality. Traditional statistical methods cannot fully extract and use such data, but with their non-linear and cross-learning modes, machine-learning (ML) algorithms based on artificial intelligence can address these shortcomings. To explore the application of ML algorithms in the cardiovascular field, we retrieved and reviewed relevant articles published in the last 6 years and found that ML is practical and accurate in the auxiliary diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, this article reviewed the research progress of ML in cardiovascular disease. Methods: This study searched relevant literature published in National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) PubMed from 2016 to 2022. The relevant literature was extracted from NCBI PubMed with the following keywords and their combinations: "machine learning", "artificial intelligence", "cardiology", "cardiovascular disease", "echocardiography", "electrocardiogram" and "prediction model". All articles included in the review are English. Key Content and Findings: The review found that ML is practical and accurate in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Besides, ML can build clinical risk prediction models and help doctors evaluate the prognosis of patients. Conclusions: The study summarized the progress of ML in cardiovascular diseases and confirmed its advantages in clinical application. In the future, models and software based on ML will be common auxiliary tools in clinical practice.

Chimeric transcripts observed in non-canonical FGFR2 fusions with partner genes' breakpoint located in intergenic region in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a fatal bile duct cancer with dismal prognosis and limited therapeutic options. FGFR family fusion have been identified in many diseases, and FGFR2 fusion is a validated oncogenic driver in ICC. At present, a variety of fusion forms have been reported, including gene-gene, gene-intergenic, and intergenic-intergenic fusion. Here, by performing RNA- and DNA-sequencing analysis, FGFR2 fusions were found in 10.1% of ICC, including 4 gene-intergenic fusions. We confirmed that the non-canonical rearrangements can generate chimeric transcripts, and used conventional splicing mechanism to explain the event. Our study provides possible target therapy for these 4 patients and possibility analysis scheme for similar situation.

Consistency analysis of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I in peripheral blood and venous blood by quantum dot immunofluorescence assay and clinical application in acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Troponin is an important marker for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The detection of troponin in peripheral blood is simpler and more convenient than that in venous blood, which has attracted more and more clinical attention. The purpose of this study is to establish a novel method for the rapid detection of high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-cTnI) in peripheral blood by quantum dot fluorescence immunoassay and evaluated the clinical accuracy of the method. Methods: A total of 90 patients with chest pain admitted to Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University had peripheral blood and venous blood samples collected for detection of hs-cTnI by rapid quantum dot fluorescence immunoassay. The differences between the two methods were evaluated, as well as the analytical performance and clinical diagnostic efficacy of hs-cTnI detection by quantum dot fluorescence immunoassay. The final diagnosis was determined by two independent cardiologists. Results: This study verified the precision, linear range and sensitivity of the novel detection method. There was good correlation between the results of hs-cTnI quantum dot fluorescence immunoassay for peripheral blood and the results for venous blood (regression equation Y=1.026x+0.521, R2=0.9337); 94.4% (85/90) of the data were within the conformance limit. In addition, in the analysis of 52 patients with confirmed AMI, the clinical specificity of the quantum dot fluorescence immunoassay in peripheral blood was the same as that in venous blood samples (89.5%:89.5%). Finally, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the peripheral blood quantum dot fluorescence immunoassay was 0.9352, the 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.8829 to 0.9876, the cut-off value was 1.598, and the sensitivity was 82.69%, which was not significantly different from the venous blood method (P value =0.089). Conclusions: Rapid detection of hs-cTnI by quantum dot fluorescence immunoassay in peripheral blood is feasible. It has a high correlation and consistency with the venous blood method, as well as a high clinical diagnostic value for AMI and is more convenient and easier to detect.

[Retracted] MicroRNA­101 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells via targeting c­FOS.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editors' attention by a concerned reader that certain of the Transwell cell migration assay data shown in Fig. 5A were strikingly similar to data appearing in different form in other articles by different authors. Owing to the fact that the contentious data in the above article had already been published elsewhere, or were already under consideration for publication, prior to its submission to Molecular Medicine Reports, the Editor has decided that this paper should be retracted from the Journal. The authors were asked for an explanation to account for these concerns, but the Editorial Office did not receive any reply. The Editor apologizes to the readership for any inconvenience caused. [the original article was published in Molecular Medicine Reports 14: 2651-2656, 2016; DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5534].

Application of intraoperative nerve monitoring for recurrent laryngeal nerves in minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy.

BACKGROUND: Mediastinal lymphadenectomy is of great importance during esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is a severe complication caused by lymphadenectomy along the RLN. Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) can effectively identify the RLN and reduce the incidence of postoperative vocal cord paralysis (VCP). Here, we describe the feasibility and effectiveness of IONM in minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy. METHODS: A total of 150 patients who underwent minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy from 2016 to 2020 were enrolled in this study. We divided the patients into two groups: a neuromonitoring group (IONM, n = 70) and a control group (control, n = 80). Clinical data, surgical variables, and postoperative complications were retrospectively analyzed and compared. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups. Postoperative VCP occurred in six cases (8.6%) in the IONM group, which was lower than that in the control group (21.3%, P = 0.032). Postoperative pulmonary complications were found in five cases (7.1%) and 14 in the control group (18.8%, P = 0.037). The postoperative hospital stay in the IONM group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (8 vs. 12, median, P < 0.001). The number of RLN lymph nodes harvested in the IONM group was higher than that in the control group (13.74 ± 5.77 vs. 11.03 ± 5.78, P = 0.005). The sensitivity and specificity of IONM monitoring VCP were 83.8% and 100%, respectively. A total of 66.7% of patients with a reduction in signal showed transient VCP, whereas 100% with a loss of signal showed permanent VCP. CONCLUSION: IONM is feasible in minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy. It showed advantages for distinguishing RLN and achieving thorough mediastinal lymphadenectomy with less RLN injury. Abnormal IONM signals can provide an accurate prediction of postoperative VCP incidence.

A comparison of bronchial blocker under artificial pneumothorax and double-lumen endobronchial tube for lung isolation in thoracoscopic enucleation of oesophageal leiomyoma.

BACKGROUND: Oesophageal leiomyomas are one of the most common benign oesophageal tumours. This retrospective, observational study summarized and compared the clinical outcomes of thoracoscopic enucleation of oesophageal leiomyoma between single-lumen endotracheal intubation with a bronchial blocker and double-lumen endotracheal intubation. METHODS: A total of 36 patients who underwent thoracoscopic enucleation of oesophageal leiomyoma at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2014 and 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Fifteen patients received single-lumen endotracheal intubation combined with a right bronchial blocker (SLT-B group), and twenty-one patients received double-lumen endotracheal intubation (DLT group). Clinical data, surgical variables, and postoperative complications were analysed and compared. RESULTS: The average tumour size in all patients was 4.3 ± 2.0 cm. The average tumour size among symptomatic patients was significantly larger than that among asymptomatic patients (5.1 ± 2.0 cm vs 3.7 ± 1.7 cm, P < 0.05). Patients in the SLT-B group had a significantly larger average tumour size than patients in the DLT group (5.4 ± 2.1 cm vs 3.5 ± 1.4 cm, P < 0.05). The SLT-B group had a significantly shorter operation time and shorter total hospital stay than the DLT group. No mucosal injury, conversion to thoracotomy, or other operative complications occurred in the SLT-B group. In the follow-up, no recurrence, dysphagia, or regurgitation was found in any of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with traditional double-lumen intubation, artificial pneumothorax-assisted single-lumen endotracheal intubation combined with a bronchial blocker for thoracoscopic oesophageal leiomyoma enucleation can achieve complete removal of larger tumours, with fewer complications and shorter hospital stays.

Genome-wide identification, structural and gene expression analysis of the nitrate transporters (NRTs) family in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.).

Nitrogen (N2) is the most important source of mineral N for plant growth, which was mainly transported by nitrate transporters (NRTs). However, little is known about the NRT gene family in potato. In this study, StNRT gene family members were identified in potato. In addition, we performed StNRT subfamily classification, gene structure and distribution analysis, and conserved domain prediction using various bioinformatics tools. Totally, 39 StNRT gene members were identified in potato genome, including 33, 4 and 2 member belong to NRT1, NRT2, and NRT3, respectively. These 39 StNRT genes were randomly distributed on all chromosomes. The collinearity results show that StNRT members in potato are closely related to Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum melongena. For the expression, different members of StNRT play different roles in leaves and roots. Especially under sufficient nitrogen conditions, different members have a clear distribution in different tissues. These results provide valuable information for identifying the members of the StNRT family in potato and could provide functional characterization of StNRT genes in further research.

[Mechanism of Sanhuang Decoction in alleviating dextran sulfate sodium induced ulcerative colitis in mice with Candida albicans colonization:based on high-throughput transcriptome sequencing].

This study explored the mechanism of Sanhuang Decoction(SHD) in treating dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis(UC) in mice with Candida albicans(Ca) colonization via high-throughput transcriptome sequencing. Specifically, the animal model was established by oral administration of 3.0% DSS for 7 days followed by intragastrical administration of Ca suspension at 1.0 × 10~8 cells for 4 days and then the mice were treated with SHD enema for 7 days. Afterwards, the general signs were observed and the disease activity index(DAI) was recorded every day. After mice were sacrificed, colon length and colon mucosa damage index(CMDI) were determined and the histomorphology was observed with the HE staining method. The fungal loads of feces were detected with the plate method. Anti-saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody(ASCA) and ß-1,3-glucan in serum, and TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-6 in serum and colon were detected by ELISA. High-throughput RNA sequencing method was adopted to identify transcriptome of colon tissues from the control, model and SHD(15.0 g·kg~(-1)) groups. Differentially expressed genes(DEGs) among groups were screened and the GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs was performed. The expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and IL-1ß genes related to the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway which involved 9 DEGs, were examined by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The results demonstrated that SHD improved the general signs, decreased DAI and Ca loads of feaces, alleviated colon edema, erosion, and shortening, and lowered the content of ß-1,3-glucan in serum and TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-6 in serum and colon tissues of mice. Transcriptome sequencing revealed 383 DEGs between SHD and model groups, which were mainly involved in the biological processes of immune system, response to bacterium, and innate immune response. They were mainly enriched in the NOD-like signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine interaction pathway, and retinol metabolism pathway. Moreover, SHD down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1ß. In a word, SHD ameliorates DSS-induced UC in mice colonized with Ca, which probably relates to its regulation of NOD-like receptor signaling pathway.